Common routing protocols include:
RIP (Routing Information Protocol): A distance-vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It's simple but less efficient for large networks. For example, in a small office network, RIP might be used to route traffic between different segments.
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First): A link-state routing protocol that calculates the shortest path based on the cost of links. It's more efficient for larger networks. For instance, in a corporate network with multiple branches, OSPF can optimize the routing paths.
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): An exterior gateway protocol used for routing between autonomous systems (AS) on the Internet. It's crucial for internet connectivity. For example, when data travels from one ISP to another, BGP determines the best path.
EIGRP (Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol): A hybrid routing protocol that combines features of distance-vector and link-state protocols. It's known for its fast convergence. In a large enterprise network, EIGRP can quickly adapt to changes in network topology.
For cloud environments, services like Tencent Cloud offer advanced routing capabilities through their Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) solutions, which support various routing protocols to ensure efficient and secure traffic management.