What is the data size limit for each MariaDB table (i.e., not affecting normal reading and writing efficiency)?

The data size limit for each MariaDB table depends on several factors, including the storage engine used, file system limitations, and configuration settings.

1. Storage Engine Impact:

   • InnoDB: The maximum table size is determined by the innodb_data_file_path setting and the file system. By default, InnoDB can support tables up to 64TB when using the Barracuda file format with DYNAMIC or COMPRESSED row formats.
   • MyISAM: The maximum table size is 256TB (limited by the file system, e.g., ext4 supports up to 16TB per file, while XFS supports up to 8EB).

2. File System Limitations:

   • Most modern file systems (e.g., XFS, ext4) support large files, but older systems may restrict table size.

3. Performance Considerations:
   While MariaDB can technically handle large tables, performance may degrade if the table grows excessively. For optimal read/write efficiency, it's recommended to keep tables within tens of terabytes and use partitioning or sharding for larger datasets.

Example:
A table using InnoDB with DYNAMIC row format on an XFS file system can store up to 64TB of data without hitting MariaDB's internal limits.

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