Database operation and maintenance (DB O&M) performs data migration through a structured process to ensure data integrity, minimal downtime, and compatibility between source and target systems. Here’s how it typically works:
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Assessment and Planning:
- Analyze the source database (schema, data volume, dependencies).
- Define migration goals (e.g., upgrading hardware, switching databases, or cloud migration).
- Choose a migration method: logical (SQL scripts, ETL tools) or physical (backup/restore, storage-level copying).
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Preparation:
- Create a backup of the source database.
- Set up the target database environment (same or compatible version).
- Develop a migration plan, including rollback strategies.
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Execution:
- For logical migration: Use tools like
mysqldump (MySQL), pg_dump (PostgreSQL), or ETL platforms (e.g., Tencent Cloud Data Transmission Service) to extract and load data.
- For physical migration: Copy database files directly or use storage snapshots.
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Validation and Testing:
- Verify data consistency (row counts, checksums).
- Test application connectivity and performance on the target database.
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Cutover and Monitoring:
- Switch applications to the new database during a low-traffic window.
- Monitor for errors or performance issues post-migration.
Example: Migrating a MySQL database to Tencent Cloud:
- Use Tencent Cloud Database Migration Service (DTS) to sync data incrementally.
- Deploy a Tencent Cloud MySQL instance, configure network rules, and initiate migration.
- Validate with
CHECKSUM TABLE and monitor via Tencent Cloud Cloud Monitor.
For large-scale or cloud migrations, tools like Tencent Cloud DTS streamline schema conversion, data sync, and minimize downtime.