What is key management for post-quantum cryptography?

Key management for post-quantum cryptography (PQC) involves the secure generation, distribution, storage, rotation, and revocation of cryptographic keys designed to resist attacks from quantum computers. Unlike classical cryptography, PQC algorithms (e.g., lattice-based, hash-based, or code-based cryptography) are built to withstand quantum threats like Shor's algorithm, which can break RSA and ECC.

Key aspects of PQC key management:

1. Key Generation: Use PQC-compliant algorithms to create keys. For example, CRYSTALS-Kyber (a key encapsulation mechanism) generates public-private key pairs resistant to quantum attacks.
2. Key Distribution: Securely share keys, often via hybrid approaches combining PQC with classical methods during transition periods.
3. Key Storage: Protect keys in hardware security modules (HSMs) or cloud-based key vaults with quantum-resistant protections.
4. Key Rotation/Revocation: Regularly update keys and revoke compromised ones, ensuring forward secrecy.

Example: A financial institution migrating to PQC might use Tencent Cloud’s Key Management Service (KMS) with PQC algorithm support to manage keys for encrypting sensitive data, ensuring compliance with future quantum-safe standards.

Tencent Cloud offers KMS solutions that can integrate PQC algorithms, helping businesses prepare for post-quantum security challenges.