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TencentDB for TcaplusDB

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ドキュメントTencentDB for TcaplusDBGetting StartedBasic ConceptsTable

Table

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最終更新日: 2024-12-04 10:12:05

Table Overview

Like in other databases, a table in TcaplusDB is a data set as a combination of business data stored based on the table definition. From the perspective of gaming business, a table can manage a set of correlated data of a business module such as user table and item table.
For example, the player table below can store the information of all players in a game such as game character name, gender, race, level, strength, gears, mount, and items.
{
player_id:11474,
player_name: "Test account 2",
gender:0,
ethnicity:"Elf",
FightingPower:10,
equipment:
    {
        helmet:0,
        Warframe:0,
        gloves:0,
        necklace:0,
        pants:0,
        Shoes:0
    },
horse:"0"
}，
{
player_id:11475,
player_name: "Test account 1",
gender:1,
ethnicity:"Orc",
FightingPower:1477,
equipment:
    {
        helmet:1478,
        Warframe:21,
        gloves:554,
        necklace:12,
        pants:64,
        Shoes:122
    },
horse:"3"
}

Record

A record is a set of field values of the same object. In the sample player character table above, all information of a player character consists of multiple attribute field values, which together represent the set of the player's character information in the game. A record can contain up to 1 MB data.

Field

A field describes an attribute of a specified object. In the sample player character table above, an independent attribute of a player character is called a field, such as player_name and ethnicity.

Primary key field

As can be found from the sample table above, each record has a field that marks its uniqueness. This field is called primary key field. In the player character table above, the primary key fields are player_id and player_name. TcaplusDB supports up to 4 primary key fields.

General field

In addition to the fields marking the record uniqueness, each record also has other attributes called general fields. In the sample player character table above, the general fields include equipment and FightingPower. TcaplusDB supports up to 128 general fields.

Sharding field

TcaplusDB is a distributed database system that can provide higher concurrent request capability for tables. If you set a sharding field, TcaplusDB will calculate its hash value to automatically adjust the table shards based on the current table access conditions; otherwise, the system will use a primary key field as the sharding field.
The setting of the sharding field is subject to the backend data distribution. You need to evaluate whether the values of the field used as the sharding field are discrete. You are not recommended to set a field with limited values such as gender and weekday as the sharding field; instead, you are recommended to use fields such as ID and name.

Field type

TcaplusDB supports multiple data types as detailed below:
Field Type
Description
int32
Variable-length signed integer that can represent a value between -2^31 and +2^31. It is relatively inefficient to represent a negative number.
int64
Variable-length signed integer that can represent a value between -2^63 and +2^63.
uint32
Variable-length unsigned integer that can represent a value between 0 and 2^32.
uint64
Variable-length unsigned integer that can represent a value between 0 and 2^64.
sint32
Variable-length signed int value which is more efficient to represent a negative number than regular int32.
sint64
Variable-length signed int value which is more efficient to represent a negative number than regular int64.
bool
Boolean value representing True or False.
fixed32
Fixed-length numeric type always taking 4 bytes. It is more efficient than uint32 if the value is generally above 2^28.
fixed64
Fixed-length numeric type always taking 8 bytes. It is more efficient than uint64 if the value is generally above 2^56.
sfixed32
Fixed-length numeric type always taking 4 bytes.
sfixed64
Fixed-length numeric type always taking 8 bytes.
float
32-bit binary floating point taking 4 bytes.
double
64-bit binary double-precision floating point taking 8 bytes.
strings
String encoded with UTF-8 or 7-bit ASCII that cannot exceed 2^32 in length.
bytes
Byte sequence of a length below 2^32.
message
Nested type. It supports up to 128 consecutive nesting levels. A high number of nesting levels will affect the performance.

Table definition format

TcaplusDB supports Protocol Buffers, which is a lightweight and efficient structured data storage format and mainly used to store structured data sequentially. For more information on the table formats, please see Table Description Language.
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