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mysql -h$host -P$port -u$user_name -p$password -D$database_name
参数 | 说明 |
$host | TDSQL Boundless 数据库连接 IP 地址或域名及端口（默认为 3306）。OLTP 类访问地址：对等节点 VIP 地址及端口号可登录控制台，通过实例详情页面，在基本信息区域，内网地址字段获取对等节点 VIP，内网端口字段获取对等节点 Port。 |
$port | |
$user_name | |
$password | |
$database_name | 需要访问的数据库名称。 |
CREATE、INSERT、DROP 和 SELECT 权限。mysql -h192.168.1.100 -P3306 -utest_user -p****** -Dtest_db
## 在 Ubuntu/Debian 系统上请使用下面的代码进行安装：sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev## 在 CentOS/RHEL 系统上请使用下面的代码进行安装：sudo yum install mysql-devel## 确认是否安装成功mysql_config --version
mysql_config --version 命令将输出已安装的 MySQL 客户端库版本号。test.c 文件并保存，代码如下所示：#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <mysql/mysql.h>int main() {MYSQL *conn = mysql_init(NULL); // 初始化 MySQL 连接if (conn == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_init() failed\\n");return 1;}// 连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库服务器// 请将以下参数替换为实际的连接信息if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "host", "user", "passwd", "db", 3306, NULL, 0) == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_real_connect() failed: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}printf("成功连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库！\\n");// 设置字符集为 utf8mb4if (mysql_set_character_set(conn, "utf8mb4") != 0) {fprintf(stderr, "设置字符集失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));}// 创建用户表if (mysql_query(conn, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(255), email VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY(id))") != 0) {fprintf(stderr, "创建表失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}printf("表创建成功！\\n");// 插入数据if (mysql_query(conn, "INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES ('小明', 'xiaoming@example.com')") != 0) {fprintf(stderr, "插入数据失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}printf("数据插入成功！\\n");// 查询数据if (mysql_query(conn, "SELECT * FROM users") == 0) {MYSQL_RES *result = mysql_store_result(conn);if (result != NULL) {int num_fields = mysql_num_fields(result);MYSQL_ROW row;printf("\\n查询结果：\\n");printf("----------------------------------------\\n");while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(result))) {for (int i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {printf("%s ", row[i] ? row[i] : "NULL");}printf("\\n");}printf("----------------------------------------\\n");printf("共 %lu 条记录\\n", (unsigned long)mysql_num_rows(result));mysql_free_result(result);} else {fprintf(stderr, "获取结果集失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));}} else {fprintf(stderr, "查询数据失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));}mysql_close(conn); // 关闭连接printf("数据库连接已关闭。\\n");return 0;}
vi test.c 或者 vim test.c 命令编辑 test.c 文件，修改文件中的数据库连接信息，确保与实际情况相符。test.c 文件中的数据库连接信息示例如下：// 这部分连接信息需要修改为你所获取到连接串的真实信息，示例如下if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "192.168.1.100", "test_user", "your_password", "test_db", 3306, NULL, 0) == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_real_connect() failed: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}
gcc -o test test.c `mysql_config --cflags --libs`
gcc -o test test.c -I/usr/include/mysql -L/usr/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient
test。./test
成功连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库！表创建成功！数据插入成功！查询结果：----------------------------------------1 小明 xiaoming@example.com----------------------------------------共 1 条记录测试表已清理。数据库连接已关闭。
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>#include <mysql/mysql.h>int main() {MYSQL *conn = mysql_init(NULL);MYSQL_STMT *stmt;MYSQL_BIND bind[2];char name[64] = "张三";char email[128] = "zhangsan@example.com";unsigned long name_length;unsigned long email_length;if (conn == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_init() failed\\n");return 1;}// 连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "host", "user", "passwd", "db", 3306, NULL, 0) == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_real_connect() failed: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 设置字符集mysql_set_character_set(conn, "utf8mb4");// 确保表存在mysql_query(conn, "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (id INT AUTO_INCREMENT, name VARCHAR(255), email VARCHAR(255), PRIMARY KEY(id))");// 初始化预处理语句stmt = mysql_stmt_init(conn);if (stmt == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_stmt_init() failed\\n");mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 准备 SQL 语句const char *sql = "INSERT INTO users (name, email) VALUES (?, ?)";if (mysql_stmt_prepare(stmt, sql, strlen(sql))) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_stmt_prepare() failed: %s\\n", mysql_stmt_error(stmt));mysql_stmt_close(stmt);mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 绑定参数memset(bind, 0, sizeof(bind));// 参数 1: namename_length = strlen(name);bind[0].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_STRING;bind[0].buffer = name;bind[0].buffer_length = sizeof(name);bind[0].length = &name_length;// 参数 2: emailemail_length = strlen(email);bind[1].buffer_type = MYSQL_TYPE_STRING;bind[1].buffer = email;bind[1].buffer_length = sizeof(email);bind[1].length = &email_length;if (mysql_stmt_bind_param(stmt, bind)) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_stmt_bind_param() failed: %s\\n", mysql_stmt_error(stmt));mysql_stmt_close(stmt);mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 执行预处理语句if (mysql_stmt_execute(stmt)) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_stmt_execute() failed: %s\\n", mysql_stmt_error(stmt));mysql_stmt_close(stmt);mysql_close(conn);return 1;}printf("预处理语句执行成功！插入 ID: %lu\\n", (unsigned long)mysql_stmt_insert_id(stmt));mysql_stmt_close(stmt);mysql_close(conn);return 0;}
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <mysql/mysql.h>int main() {MYSQL *conn = mysql_init(NULL);int success = 1;if (conn == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_init() failed\\n");return 1;}// 连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "host", "user", "passwd", "db", 3306, NULL, 0) == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_real_connect() failed: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}mysql_set_character_set(conn, "utf8mb4");// 关闭自动提交，开始事务if (mysql_autocommit(conn, 0)) {fprintf(stderr, "关闭自动提交失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}printf("事务开始...\\n");// 执行第一条 SQLif (mysql_query(conn, "UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - 100 WHERE user_id = 1")) {fprintf(stderr, "SQL 1 执行失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));success = 0;}// 执行第二条 SQLif (success && mysql_query(conn, "UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + 100 WHERE user_id = 2")) {fprintf(stderr, "SQL 2 执行失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));success = 0;}if (success) {// 提交事务if (mysql_commit(conn)) {fprintf(stderr, "提交事务失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));} else {printf("事务提交成功！\\n");}} else {// 回滚事务if (mysql_rollback(conn)) {fprintf(stderr, "回滚事务失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));} else {printf("事务已回滚\\n");}}// 恢复自动提交mysql_autocommit(conn, 1);mysql_close(conn);return 0;}
#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <mysql/mysql.h>int main() {MYSQL *conn = mysql_init(NULL);MYSQL_RES *result;MYSQL_ROW row;MYSQL_FIELD *fields;unsigned int num_fields;unsigned int i;if (conn == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_init() failed\\n");return 1;}// 连接到 TDSQL Boundless 数据库if (mysql_real_connect(conn, "host", "user", "passwd", "db", 3306, NULL, 0) == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "mysql_real_connect() failed: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}mysql_set_character_set(conn, "utf8mb4");// 执行查询if (mysql_query(conn, "SELECT id, name, email FROM users ORDER BY id DESC LIMIT 100")) {fprintf(stderr, "查询失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 获取结果集result = mysql_store_result(conn);if (result == NULL) {fprintf(stderr, "获取结果集失败: %s\\n", mysql_error(conn));mysql_close(conn);return 1;}// 获取字段数量和字段信息num_fields = mysql_num_fields(result);fields = mysql_fetch_fields(result);// 打印列名printf("\\n");for (i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {printf("%-20s", fields[i].name);}printf("\\n");// 打印分隔线for (i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {printf("--------------------");}printf("\\n");// 遍历结果集while ((row = mysql_fetch_row(result)) != NULL) {for (i = 0; i < num_fields; i++) {printf("%-20s", row[i] ? row[i] : "NULL");}printf("\\n");}printf("\\n共 %lu 行数据\\n", (unsigned long)mysql_num_rows(result));// 释放结果集mysql_free_result(result);mysql_close(conn);return 0;}
函数 | 说明 |
mysql_init() | 初始化 MySQL 连接句柄 |
mysql_real_connect() | 连接到数据库服务器 |
mysql_close() | 关闭数据库连接 |
mysql_query() | 执行 SQL 语句 |
mysql_store_result() | 获取完整结果集 |
mysql_use_result() | 逐行获取结果集 |
mysql_fetch_row() | 获取下一行数据 |
mysql_num_rows() | 获取结果集行数 |
mysql_num_fields() | 获取结果集列数 |
mysql_fetch_fields() | 获取字段信息 |
mysql_affected_rows() | 获取受影响的行数 |
mysql_free_result() | 释放结果集 |
mysql_error() | 获取错误信息 |
mysql_errno() | 获取错误码 |
mysql_set_character_set() | 设置字符集 |
mysql_autocommit() | 设置自动提交模式 |
mysql_commit() | 提交事务 |
mysql_rollback() | 回滚事务 |
mysql_stmt_init() | 初始化预处理语句 |
mysql_stmt_prepare() | 准备预处理语句 |
mysql_stmt_bind_param() | 绑定预处理语句参数 |
mysql_stmt_execute() | 执行预处理语句 |
mysql_stmt_close() | 关闭预处理语句 |
fatal error: mysql/mysql.h: No such file or directory# 安装开发库sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev # Ubuntu/Debiansudo yum install mysql-devel # CentOS/RHEL# 使用 mysql_config 获取正确的编译参数gcc -o test test.c `mysql_config --cflags --libs`
error while loading shared libraries: libmysqlclient.so# 方法1：添加库路径到环境变量export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/mysql:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH# 方法2：更新动态链接库缓存sudo ldconfig
utf8mb4。mysql_set_character_set(conn, "utf8mb4");
unsigned int timeout = 30;mysql_options(conn, MYSQL_OPT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, &timeout);
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