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Select the initialization method according to your actual use cases:

• If the entire disk is presented as one independent partition (there is no logical disks such as vdb1 and vdb2), we strongly recommend that you not use partition, and directly create the file system on bare devices.
• If the entire disk needs to be presented as multiple logical partitions (there are multiple logical disks), you need to first partition the disk, and then create the file system on a partition.

Creating file systems on bare devices

Note

This example uses a Lighthouse instance using CentOS 8.0 operating system. Note that the steps may vary according to the operating system version.

1. Log in to the Lighthouse instance. For details, see Logging in to a Linux instance via WebShell.
2. Run the following command to view the disk name.
   

   sudo fdisk -l
   

   
   If the returned result is similar to what is shown below, the current Lighthouse instance has two disks, where /dev/vda is the system disk (40 GB) and /dev/vdb is the new data disk (20 GB).
   
3. Run the following command to create a file system on the /dev/vdb bare device.
   

   sudo mkfs -t <File system format> /dev/vdb
   

   
   The partition size supported by different file systems varies. Select an appropriate file system as needed. The following example takes EXT4 as the file system:
   

   sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb
   

   
   

   Note

   The formatting takes a while. Please pay attention to the system’s running status and do not exit.

4. Run the following command to create a new mount point. The following example uses /data as the new mount point:
   

   sudo mkdir /data
   

5. Run the following command to mount the device to a new mount point. The following example uses /data as the new mount point:
   

   sudo mount /dev/vdb /data
   

6. Run the following command to view the mount result.
   

   sudo df -TH
   

   
   If the returned result is similar to what is shown below, /dev/vdb is mounted to /data successfully.
   
   The disk needs to be mounted to the instance every time the instance starts up. To set the disk to be automatically mounted upon instance start-up, see Auto-Mounting Disk upon Linux Instance Start-up.

Creating a file system on a partition

Note

This example uses the parted partition tool in the CentOS 8.0 operating system to configure data disk /dev/vdc as the primary partition. MBR is used as the default partition format, EXT4 format as the file system, and /data/newpart as the mount point. Disk automount at startup is configured. Note that the formatting operation may vary according to the operating system.

1. Log in to the Lighthouse instance. For details, see Logging In to a Linux instance via WebShell.
2. Run the following command to view the disk name.
   

   sudo fdisk -l
   

   
   If the returned result is similar to what is shown below, the current Lighthouse instance has two disks, where /dev/vda is the system disk (40 GB) and /dev/vdb is the new data disk (20 GB).
   
3. Run the following command to enter the fdisk partition tool and start partitioning the new data disk. The following example uses /dev/vdb as the newly attached data disk:
   

   sudo fdisk /dev/vdb
   

   
   The returned information is similar to what is shown below:
   
4. Enter n and press Enter to start creating a partition. The following information is returned:
   
   This indicates that the disk has two partition types:

• p: Primary partition.
• e: Extended partition.

5. Take creating a primary partition as an example. Enter p and press Enter to start creating a primary partition. The following information is returned:
   

Partition number indicates the number of the primary partition. Valid range: 1-4.
6. Take partition 1 as an example. Enter the primary partition number 1 and press Enter. The following information is returned:

First sector indicates the start sector. Valid range: 2048 (default value) - 41943039.
7. Take selecting the default start sector number 2048 as an example. Press Enter. The following information is returned:

Last sector indicates the end sector. Valid range: 2048 - 41943039 (default value).
8. Take selecting the default end sector number 41943039 as an example. Press Enter. The following information is returned:

9. The partitioning is complete. A new partition has been created on the 20 GB data disk.
10. Enter p and press Enter to view the details of the new partition /dev/vdb1.

Note

If an error occurs during the partitioning operation, enter q to exit the fdisk tool and the prior partition result will not be retained.

partprobe

sudo mkfs -t <File system format> /dev/vdb1

sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vdb1

Note

The formatting takes a while. Please pay attention to the system’s running status and do not exit.

sudo mkdir /data/newpart

sudo mount /dev/vdb1 /data/newpart

sudo df -TH

Note

This example uses a Lighthouse instance using Windows Server 2016 R2 operating system. Note that the steps may vary according to the operating system version.

1. Log in to the Lighthouse instance. For more information, see Logging in to a Windows Instance via VNC.
2. On the desktop, right-click in the lower-left corner and click Disk management in the pop-up menu.
   Open the Disk management window to view the data disk information.
   
   

   Note

   If the new disk is offline (as shown above), continue to Step 3 to make it online. If it’s already online, go to Step 4.

3. Right-click in the Disk 1 area, and click Online.
   
4. Disk 1 changes from Offline to Not Initialized. Right-click in the Disk 1 area and select Initialize Disk.
   
5. In the Initialize Disk window, select the target disk and the disk partition format, and click OK. In this example, MBR (Master Boot Record) is used.
   

   Note

   If the disk partition format is changed after the disk is put into use, the original data on the disk will be erased. Please select an appropriate partition format based on actual needs.

   
   
6. Right-click the free space of Disk 1, and select New Simple Volume.
   
7. In the welcome page of New Simple Volume Wizard pop-up window, click Next.
8. Specify the volume size as needed, which is the maximum value by default. Click Next.
9. Assign a drive letter, and click Next.
   
10. Select Format this volume with the following settings. Configure the parameters as needed, format the new partition, and click Next.
    
11. Click Complete. Wait for a while for the system to complete the initialization. When the volume status becomes "Healthy", the disk initialization is successful.
    
    After the initialization is complete, enter the PC interface to view the new disk.