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Media upload refers to upload of media files such as videos, audios, and thumbnail images to VOD so that they can be processed or distributed.

Upload Methods

VOD supports the following upload methods:

• Local upload through console
  Use the VOD console to upload local media files to VOD. This method is fast and easy. You can use this method if you are managing a small number of media files.
• Pull through console
  Use the VOD console to pull data from URLs. VOD will pull data offline from the URLs you specify.
• Upload from server
  Upload media files stored on your backend server to VOD. This method is suitable for automated and systematic production environments. VOD provides the following server upload SDKs for different programming languages:
  • Java SDK
  • C# SDK
  • PHP SDK
  • Python SDK
  • Node.js SDK
  • Golang SDK
• Upload from client
  Upload videos from the client to VOD. This method is suitable for UGC and PGC applications. VOD provides the following client upload SDKs:
  • Android upload SDK
  • iOS upload SDK
  • Web upload SDK
• API upload
  Use VOD’s server-side API to pull media from URLs. VOD will pull data offline from the URLs you specify. This method is suitable for the migration of a large number of media files or automated data migration.
• Live recording
  If you use the live recording feature of CSS, the live streams recorded will be saved to VOD for archiving, editing, and replay.

Storage Regions

Supported regions

VOD has storage nodes around the globe. Your media files are uploaded to one of these storage nodes. Currently, VOD supports the following storage regions:

Enabling storage regions

A big advantage of having multiple storage regions is that it can improve upload performance (upload speed and success rate). This is because upload performance is affected by the distance between the upload source and the storage node. The shorter the distance, the better.

After you activate the VOD service, the Singapore storage region will be enabled for you automatically. You can enable other storage regions based on your actual needs. For detailed directions, see Upload Storage Settings. Once enabled, a storage region cannot be disabled.

Default storage region

You can have only one default region. If you have enabled only one storage region (i.e., Singapore), this region will be the default region. If you have enabled multiple storage regions, you can specify the default region in the console. For detailed directions, see Configuring Storage Regions.

The default region is given a higher priority than the others in certain scenarios. For details, see the explanation below.

Selecting a storage region

When you upload media files to VOD, by default, VOD will select a storage region automatically. You can also specify a region in your upload request.

• Automatic selection:
  • If you have only one storage region, i.e., Singapore, all media files will be uploaded to this region.
  • If you have enabled multiple storage regions, VOD will select a region as follows:

    Upload Method	Region Selection Policy
    Local upload through console	The storage region closest to the upload source.
    Pull through console	The default storage region.
    Upload from server	The storage region closest to the upload source.
    Upload from client	The storage region closest to the upload source.
    Pull through API	The default storage region.
    Live recording	The storage region closest to the live streaming source.

• You can also use the methods below to specify a storage region:

  Upload Method	Region Designation Method
  Local upload through console	Not supported
  Pull through console	Not supported
  Upload from server	Java SDK C# SDK PHP SDK Python SDK Node.js SDK Go SDK
  Upload from client	Using an upload signature parameter
  Pull through API	Using the `StorageRegion` parameter of the API
  Live recording	Not supported

Features and Limits

Media types

VOD supports the following file formats:

• Video: WMV, RM, MOV, MPEG, MP4, 3GP, FLV, AVI, RMVB, TS, ASF, MPG, WEBM, MKV, M3U8, WM, ASX, RAM, MPE, VOB, DAT, MP4V, M4V, F4V, MXF, QT, and OGG.
• Audio: MP3, M4A, FLAC, OGG, WAV, RA, AAC, and AMR.
• Thumbnail: JPG, JPEG, PNG, GIF, BMP, TIFF, AI, CDR, EPS, and TIF.

Event notification

VOD can send you a notification after a media file is uploaded. For more information on how event notifications work and how to configure them, see Event Notification and Callback Settings.
The event notification types of different upload methods are as below:

Additional features

VOD offers other features related to media upload, including media management, video processing, notifications, and upload control.

Media management

• Thumbnail: You can upload an image together with a video. This image will be used as the video’s thumbnail in VOD.
• Expiration time: You can specify the expiration time of a media file. After the file expires, VOD will automatically delete it and its associated files (transcoding outputs and screenshots).
• Categorization: You can specify the category for a media file you upload.

Support for the above features by different upload methods are as follows:

Video processing and notifications

• Automatic video processing: You can specify a task flow for an uploaded media file. After upload, VOD will automatically execute this task flow. Common processing tasks include capturing the first video frame as the thumbnail, transcoding, and content moderation.
• Pass-through field for video processing: If automatic video processing is enabled, after the video is processed, VOD will pass through this field when sending the video processing notification.
• Pass-through field for upload: After upload is completed, VOD will pass through this field when sending the upload notification.

Support for the above features by different upload methods are as follows:

Upload control

• Checkpoint restart: If an upload is interrupted due to a disconnection, closing of the browser, or other reasons, when the user resumes the upload, VOD can start from where the user left off.
• Pausing/Resuming upload: You can pause or resume an upload.
• Canceling upload: You can cancel an upload.
• Getting the upload progress: You can get the percentage of data that has already been uploaded.
• Multipart upload: A media file can be segmented into multiple parts and uploaded separately. Under poor network conditions, this can reduce interruptions. In case of high-bandwidth connections, uploading multiple parts at the same time makes better use of bandwidth resources.

Support for the above features by different upload methods are as follows:

Limits

• The limits on media file size are as below:

  Upload Method	Maximum File Size
  Local upload through console Upload from client - web SDK	60 GB
  Upload from server Pull through console Pull through API	48.82 TB (50,000 GB)
  Upload from client - Android SDK Upload from client - iOS SDK	10 GB
  Live recording	48.82 TB (50,000 GB) for MP4 and FLV No limit for HLS Other limits depend on your live recording settings.

• There isn’t a limit on the number of files that can be uploaded.